{"id":4068,"date":"2020-11-04T13:49:59","date_gmt":"2020-11-04T19:49:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aamirharoon.com\/?p=4068"},"modified":"2020-11-04T13:50:02","modified_gmt":"2020-11-04T19:50:02","slug":"unified-auditing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.aamirharoon.com\/?p=4068","title":{"rendered":"Unified Auditing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Starting with 20c, Traditional Auditing has been deprecated. Oracle recommends to migrate to Unified Auditing. Click here to read more<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n

In this blog post I am sharing my notes about Unified Auditing.\u00a0 It shows how to enable and purge Unified Audit data.<\/p>\n

From Oracle Documents:<\/p>\n

\n

What Is Unified Auditing?<\/b><\/h3>\n

In unified auditing, the unified audit trail captures audit information from a variety of sources.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unified auditing enables you to capture audit records from the following sources:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    \n
  • \n
    \n

    Audit records (including\u00a0<\/span>SYS<\/span>\u00a0audit records) from unified audit policies and\u00a0<\/span>AUDIT<\/span>\u00a0settings<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n
    \n

    Fine-grained audit records from the\u00a0<\/span>DBMS_FGA<\/span>\u00a0PL\/SQL package<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n
    \n

    Oracle Database Real Application Security audit records<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

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    \n

    Oracle Recovery Manager audit records<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

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    \n

    Oracle Database Vault audit records<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

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    \n

    Oracle Label Security audit records<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

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    \n

    Oracle Data Mining records<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

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    Oracle Data Pump<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n
    \n

    Oracle SQL*Loader Direct Load<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Mixed Mode or Pure Unified Auditing?<\/b><\/h3>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n
    Mode<\/b><\/td>\nFeatures<\/b><\/td>\nHow to Enable<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mixed mode auditing<\/span><\/td>\nHas both traditional and unified auditing<\/span><\/td>\nEnable any unified audit policy. There is no need to restart the database.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Pure unified auditing<\/span><\/td>\nHas only unified auditing<\/span><\/td>\nLink the\u00a0<\/span>oracle<\/span>\u00a0binary with\u00a0<\/span>uniaud_on<\/span>, and then restart the database.<\/span>Oracle Database Upgrade Guide<\/span><\/i>\u00a0describes how to enable pure unified auditing.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    More About Unified Auditing<\/h3>\n
    \n

    The unified audit trail, which resides in a read-only table in the\u00a0<\/span>AUDSYS<\/span>\u00a0schema in the\u00a0<\/span>SYSAUX<\/span>\u00a0tablespace, makes this information available in a uniform format in the\u00a0<\/span>UNIFIED_AUDIT_TRAIL<\/span>\u00a0data dictionary view, and is available in both single-instance and Oracle Database Real Application Clusters environments. In addition to the user\u00a0<\/span>SYS<\/span>, users who have been granted the\u00a0<\/span>AUDIT_ADMIN<\/span> and\u00a0<\/span>AUDIT_VIEWER<\/span>\u00a0roles can query these views. If your users only need to query the views but not create audit policies, then grant them the\u00a0<\/span>AUDIT_VIEWER<\/span>\u00a0role.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

      \n
    • \n
      \n

      AUDIT_ADMIN Role.<\/b>\u00a0This role enables you to create unified and fine-grained audit policies, use the\u00a0<\/span>AUDIT<\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span>NOAUDIT<\/span>\u00a0SQL statements, view audit data, and manage the audit trail administration. Grant this role only to trusted users.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n
      \n

      AUDIT_VIEWER Role.<\/b>\u00a0This role enables users to view and analyze audit data. The kind of user who needs this role is typically an external auditor.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      How To Enable Audit Policies:<\/b><\/h3>\n
      AUDIT POLICY ORA_LOGON_FAILURES<\/span>\n \u00a0EXCEPT DBSNMP<\/span>\n \u00a0WHENEVER NOT SUCCESSFUL;<\/span>\n\nAUDIT POLICY ORA_SECURECONFIG\n<\/span>EXCEPT DBSNMP;\n\n<\/span>AUDIT POLICY ORA_DATABASE_PARAMETER;<\/span><\/pre>\n
      How To Purge Audit Data<\/b><\/h3>\n
      Following procedure sets the LAST_ARCHIVE_TIME (or retention to 30 days).<\/span><\/p>\n
      BEGIN<\/span>\n\u00a0 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP(<\/span>\n \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL_TYPE \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.AUDIT_TRAIL_UNIFIED,<\/span>\n \u00a0 LAST_ARCHIVE_TIME\u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0 SYSDATE - <\/span>30<\/span> );<\/span>\nEND;<\/span>\n\/<\/span><\/pre>\n
      Create a Purge Job\u00a0which deletes based on LAST_ARCHIVE_TIME<\/span><\/p>\n
      BEGIN<\/span>\n\u00a0 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.CREATE_PURGE_JOB (<\/span>\n \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL_TYPE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 => DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.AUDIT_TRAIL_UNIFIED, <\/span>\n \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL_PURGE_INTERVAL\u00a0 => 12,<\/span>\n \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL_PURGE_NAME\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 => 'Audit_Trail_PURGE',<\/span>\n \u00a0 USE_LAST_ARCH_TIMESTAMP \u00a0 \u00a0 => TRUE );<\/span>\nEND;<\/span>\n\/<\/span><\/pre>\n
      How To Change The Tablespace For Unified Audit Tables:<\/b><\/h2>\n
      set echo on<\/span>\n\ncol parameter_name format a30<\/span>\ncol parameter_value format a20<\/span>\n\nselect * from DBA_AUDIT_MGMT_CONFIG_PARAMS<\/span>\nwhere AUDIT_TRAIL = 'UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL';<\/span>\n\nPARAMETER_NAME \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 PARAMETER_VALUE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\n------------------------------ -------------------- ----------------------------<\/span>\nAUDIT FILE MAX SIZE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 10000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\nAUDIT FILE MAX AGE \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\nDB AUDIT TABLESPACE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>SYSAUX<\/span> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\nAUDIT WRITE MODE \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 QUEUED WRITE MODE\u00a0 \u00a0 UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\n\n4 rows selected.<\/span>\n\n--Create tablespace<\/span>\nCREATE TABLESPACE DBAUDIT DATAFILE\u00a0<\/span>\n \u00a0'+DATA' SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 512M MAXSIZE 65535M<\/span>\nONLINE<\/span>\nEXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE<\/span>\nBLOCKSIZE 16K<\/span>\nSEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO<\/span>\nFLASHBACK ON;<\/span>\n\nTablespace created.<\/span>\n\n--update the tablespace for Unified Audit<\/span>\nBEGIN<\/span>\nDBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.SET_AUDIT_TRAIL_LOCATION(<\/span>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0audit_trail_type \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 => DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.AUDIT_TRAIL_UNIFIED,<\/span>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0audit_trail_location_value => 'DBAUDIT');<\/span>\nEND;<\/span>\n\/<\/span>\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.<\/span>\n\nselect * from DBA_AUDIT_MGMT_CONFIG_PARAMS<\/span>\nwhere AUDIT_TRAIL = 'UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL';\n\nPARAMETER_NAME \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 PARAMETER_VALUE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n------------------------------ -------------------- ----------------------------\nAUDIT FILE MAX SIZE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 10000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \nAUDIT FILE MAX AGE \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \nDB AUDIT TABLESPACE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 DBAUDIT \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\nAUDIT WRITE MODE \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 QUEUED WRITE MODE\u00a0 \u00a0 UNIFIED AUDIT TRAIL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \n\n4 rows selected.\n<\/span><\/pre>\n
      Need Another Job To Advance <\/b>LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP<\/b><\/h3>\n
      Create a procedure to advance LAST_ARCHIVE_TIME<\/span><\/p>\n
      create or replace procedure set_audit_archive_retention<\/span>\n(retention in number default 30) as<\/span>\nBEGIN<\/span>\n\u00a0 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP(<\/span>\n \u00a0 AUDIT_TRAIL_TYPE \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.AUDIT_TRAIL_UNIFIED,<\/span>\n \u00a0\u00a0last_archive_time \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0 sysdate - retention);<\/span>\nend;<\/span>\n\/<\/span>\n\n--Create a database scheduler job.\u00a0 Change \u201c30\u201d to whatever your requirements are.<\/span>\nBEGIN<\/span>\n  sys.dbms_scheduler.create_job(<\/span>\n    job_name            => 'advance_archive_timestamp',<\/span>\n    job_type            => 'STORED_PROCEDURE',<\/span>\n    job_action          => 'set_audit_archive_retention',<\/span>\n    repeat_interval     => 'FREQ=DAILY;interval=12',<\/span>\n    number_of_arguments => 1,<\/span>\n    start_date          => systimestamp at time zone 'America\/New_York',<\/span>\n    job_class           => '\"DEFAULT_JOB_CLASS\"',<\/span>\n    comments            => 'Advance the last archive timestamp by 30<\/span> days',<\/span>\n    auto_drop           => TRUE,<\/span>\n    enabled             => FALSE);<\/span>\n\n  dbms_scheduler.set_job_argument_value<\/span>(\n    job_name          => 'advance_archive_timestamp',<\/span>\n    argument_position => 1,<\/span>\n    argument_value    => <\/span>30<\/span>);<\/span> 

        sys.dbms_scheduler.enable( 'advance_archive_timestamp' );<\/span>\nEND;<\/span>\n\/<\/span><\/pre>\n
      Helpful Views\/Tables:<\/b><\/h3>\n
      select * from DBA_AUDIT_MGMT_CLEAN_EVENTS;<\/span>\nselect * from DBA_AUDIT_MGMT_CLEANUP_JOBS;<\/span>\nselect * from DBA_AUDIT_MGMT_CONFIG_PARAMS;<\/span>\nselect * from DBA_AUDIT_MGMT_LAST_ARCH_TS;<\/span>\nselect * from AUDIT_UNIFIED_ENABLED_POLICIES; <\/span>\n\ncol POLICY_NAME format A20<\/span>\ncol AUDIT_OPTION format A40<\/span>\nset PAGES 100<\/span>\nselect POLICY_NAME, AUDIT_OPTION <\/span>\n   from AUDIT_UNIFIED_POLICIES <\/span>\n  where policy_name = 'ORA_SECURECONFIG' order by 2 ;<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
      \n
      \n
      <\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      In this blog post I am sharing my notes about Unified Auditing.\u00a0 It shows how to enable and purge Unified Audit data. From Oracle Documents:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4096,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,52],"tags":[56,53],"class_list":["post-4068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-12cr1","category-oracle-database-19c","tag-audit","tag-oracle-database"],"yoast_head":"\nUnified Auditing - The Database Handyman<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aamirharoon.com\/?p=4068\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unified Auditing - The Database Handyman\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this blog post I am sharing my notes about Unified Auditing.\u00a0 It shows how to enable and purge Unified Audit data. 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